The main production methods of steel pipe
The main production methods of steel pipes are hot rolling (including extrusion), welding and cold processing. Cold processing is the secondary processing of steel pipe.
The production process of hot rolled seamless steel pipe is to perforate solid tube billet (or steel ingot) and roll it into steel pipe with the required shape, size and performance. There are three main deformation processes in the whole process: 1) perforation - the solid billet (ingot) is rolled into a hollow tube; 2) Tube rolling - roll the tube into a rough tube close to the required size; 3) Reducing the diameter -- rolling the pipe without mandrel into a finished pipe with the required dimensional accuracy and true roundness. In production, different types of tube rolling machines are selected according to different conditions such as product varieties, specifications and production capacity. Because the kinemical conditions, stress state conditions, pass deformation, total deformation and productivity of the rolled parts are different in different types of pipe rolling machines, it is necessary to equip it with perforators and other equipment before and after the process that match the deformation amount and productivity. Different tube rolling machines form different tube rolling units accordingly. The production method of hot rolled seamless steel pipe is classified by the type of pipe rolling machine in the unit, and the specific name of a unit is expressed by the variety specifications of the unit and the type of the pipe rolling machine, such as 168 continuous rolling pipe unit refers to the maximum outer diameter of its product is about 168mm, and the pipe rolling machine is a continuous rolling pipe machine unit. The steel pipe hot extrusion unit uses the maximum technical pressure (tonnage) of the extrusion machine or the product specification range to indicate its model.
The production method of welded steel pipe is to bend the steel plate or steel strip into the required cross section shape with various forming methods, and then weld the weld with different welding methods. Forming and welding are the basic processes, and the welded pipe production method is classified according to the characteristics of these two processes. Continuous straight seam welding mainly uses ERW and high frequency welding two methods; The UOE method is the main method of producing large straight seam welding, which is discontinuous. In addition, there is spiral welding, mainly when the width of the steel plate is limited for the production of large mouth pipe method.
There are three cold processing methods for steel pipes: cold rolling, cold drawing and cold spinning. Cold spinning is also essentially cold rolling. Specifications of cold rolling machines and cold spinning machines are indicated by their product specifications and rolling mill types; The specifications of the cold drawing machine are expressed by its allowable rated drawing force. For example, LG-150 indicates a two-roll periodic cold tube rolling machine with a maximum outer diameter of 150mm; LD-30 represents a multi-roll cold tube rolling machine with a maximum outer diameter of 30mm; LB-100 indicates a cold drawing machine with a drawing force rating of 100 tons.
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